Schleppegrell is the author of reading in secondary content areas 3. A focus on english language learners in the middle school learning history, learning academic language. Academic language plays a key role in reading comprehension, disciplinary thinking, and overall academic success. Schleppegrellthe language of schooling1 linguistics. Recent currents in language learning research highlight the social and emergent aspects of second language l2 development and recognize that learners need opportunities for interaction in meaningful contexts supported by explicit attention to language itself. Academic language is the language used in schooling for purposes of learning. The topic of language of schoolingas well as those of language policy and language educationis an important topic under investigation in this new millennium. These readings were suggested as background or followup to this presentation or cited within it. Krauthamer, 1999, of academic and everyday standard english, and of the language of different disciplines schleppegrell, 2001. School language and the role of multilingualism in class 441 to conclude, we can state that schools can no longer expect all students to come to. A languagebased approach to content instruction laci for english language learners by luciana c. English language teachers who work with children in schools need knowledge about.
The focus of this book is how to infuse meta language about grammar and meaning into a content lesson to support language development in diverse contexts, ranging from teaching content, perhaps in a content and language integrated learning context, or in. Schleppegrell university of california, davis, ca, usa this article provides an analysis of some linguistic features of schoolbased texts, relating the grammatical and lexical choices of the speakerwriter to the functions that language performs in school contexts. Common core state standards for english language arts appendix a bibliography language achugar, m. Yet there is great variety in the language and grammar features of spoken and written standard english biber, 1991.
In the united states, english language learners ells now account for over 10% of k12 public school enrollment. In addition to strategic documents, programs and legislation which binds the slovak republic to create conditions for lifelong education, including foreign language education, the authors are more closely preoccupied with specificities and possibilities of the language education of seniors, which are explained on a comparative basis with the. Language correlates of disciplinary literacy 21 phenomena that are directly accessible to the senses, making possible commonsense theories of knowledge. Functional approaches to language education learning a language is a means to learn about the world, about the social relations we participate in, and about the patterns in which this information is routinely organized. The second critical moment occurs between the ages of 4 and 6 years, when children move from everyday spoken grammar to thegrammarofliteracyi.
Focus on grammar and meaning is a 143page volume in the oxford key concepts for the language classroom series edited by lightbown and spada. James gee university of wisconsinmadison schleppegrell examines both student and textbook writing in secondary schools and provides an integrated examination of grammar and discourse from a functional perspective. Pdf school language and the role of multilingualism in class. Academic language has often been conceived of as decontextualized language and defined in contrast to conversational language, which occurs in a shared physical context.
The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the institute or the. Researchers have explored several genres expected in school settings, including sharing time narratives christie, 1985. Pdf download for understanding the language demands of schooling. Many students often find it challenging to move from more everyday or informal registers of english to more formal academic registers. Sep 08, 2017 abstract this article focuses on the importance of language as a means to acquire knowledge in traditional content subjects at school. According to halliday 1999, language appears in three forms in schooling. Nowhere is the gap between the language demands and content standards more stark than in the assessment and teaching of ells and other students identified as remedial. A functional linguistics perspective provides a functional description of the kinds of texts students are expected to read and write at school. Ruqaiya hasans work has provided us with some key ideas that have guided our search for answers to these questions. View the powerpoint associated with this presentation read the transcript of this presentation handouts.
This demographic shift coincides with a succession of school reforms, such as no child left behind legislation, englishonly mandates, and the adoption of the common core state standards, which place new demands on all students and their teachers brisk, 2015. Schleppegrell 82809 24 knowledge as an abstraction, disassociated from the language forms and resources in which it is presented and demonstrated. Teaching and learning language has the central role in social and intellectual development language and thinking develop in meaningful interaction with others in using language, we simultaneously construe. Supporting l2 elementary science writing with sfl in an. Gustav white i n todays educational arena, academic language is central to schooling.
Meg gebhard, ruth harman, and wendy seger reclaiming. Abstract this article focuses on the importance of language as a means to acquire knowledge in traditional content subjects at school. She has experience teaching at all levels of schooling and is currently engaged in research on teaching and learning in. Students use language in functional and communicative ways that vary according to context. Language is a social process and a meaning making system, and grammatical. Oral language development and access to school discourses. This is an important contribution to the discussion in the field of educational linguistics on the nature of academic language proficiency. Although many educators and textbooks refer to academic language as a list of 10 important words for the unit, academic language is more than vocabulary. Department of education most scholars believe that instruction in academic english done early, consistently, and simultaneously across content areas can make a difference in english learners ability to understand the core curriculum. Mary schleppegrell s research explores the relationship between language and learning with a focus on students for whom english is a second language.
The focus of this book is how to infuse meta language about grammar and meaning into a content lesson to support language development in diverse contexts, ranging from teaching content, perhaps in a content and language integrated. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. There is no way i can close the gap in test scores by simply testing and retesting these kids. Page 3 of 7 topic school language and home language key notions developing cognitive academic language proficiency the language of schooling possible readings cummins, j.
However, many approaches to teaching academic language, such. Themerheme to scaffold students revisions between genres of writing for many esl students, the linguistic resources needed for explicit development of abstract ideas, a central tenet of academic writing, are difficult to control schleppegrell, 2004. Schleppegrell the language of schooling 1 free ebook download as pdf file. Lexical cohesion is created by the synonymy of manual labor in the because clause. Academic language, the language of schooling schleppegrell 2004, presents information. Schleppegrell january 29, 2010 saint michaels college. Reflection literacy and the teaching of history springerlink. The language of schooling deals with an important and cuttingedge topic in a very accessible way. Academic language, the language of schooling schleppegrell 2004, presents information and interpretation in new ways, using vocabulary, grammar, and text structures. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise cambridge core to connect with your account. Academic language or academic english is a register, that is, a variety of a language used for a specific purpose and audience in a particular context. This text provides an explanation of the term languages of schooling and a description of two of its key components language as subject and language in other subjects.
Article information, pdf download for the knowledge base for language teaching. Department of education, through grant r305a100482 to the university of michigan. A languagebased approach to content instruction laci. It demonstrates that the variety of english expecte. Language is the medium through which students learn and express their knowledge teachers of all content areas can and should focus on language skills one way to include language in all content areas is by explicitly discussing the language in textbooks not only technical words schleppegrell, 2004 systemicfunctional linguistics. This means that the language of secondary school learning is quite different from the language of the elementary years.
Functional linguistics to support critical language awareness. Read the language of schooling a functional linguistics perspective by mary j. This framework focuses not just on the structure of words and sentences, but on how texts are constructedhow. Linguistic features of the language of schooling ubc blogs. Nouns in academic registers zhihui fang school of teaching and learning university of florida mary j. She has experience teaching at all levels of schooling and is currently engaged in research on teaching and learning in various subject areas, including science, history, and english as a second language. This article provides an analysis of some linguistic features of.
English language learners how to use academic language to challenge school policies regarding recess. The only influential book on the topic of the language of schooling is this book. A functional linguistics perspective volume 36 issue 5 norbert francis skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. An analysis of three curriculum approaches to teaching english in publicsector schools.
Teachers must be attentive to these differences and design instruction accordingly. A linguist, she uses systemic functional linguistics to link meaning and language structure in ways that illuminate issues in education. Schleppegrell the research reported here was supported by the institute of education sciences, u. As applied linguists who work on education in multilingual contexts, we are confronted with variation at the linguistic, cultural and social levels that demands new ways of looking at language in education. Schleppegrell school of education university of michigan beverly e. Schleppegrell saint michaels college january 29, 2010. An analysis of three curriculum approaches to teaching. Australian journal of language and literacy, 2720, 142158. Schleppegrell 82809 1 language in academic subject areas and. Ris procite, reference manager, endnote, bibtex, medlars, refworks. State board of education adopted chapter 2 page 45 of 1. This book is about how language is used in the context of schooling.
For instance, many books that addressed this topic earlier in the 1980s are already out of print see for example. Cox school of education purdue university developing academic, or schoolbased, literacy poses a significant challenge for. Linguistic features of the language of schooling mary j. A language based approach to content instruction laci for english language learners by luciana c. Language is the fundamental resource or tool with which teachers and children work together in schools. This article provides an analysis of some linguistic features of school based texts, relating the grammatical and lexical choices of the speakerwriter to the functions that language performs in. Schleppegrellthe language of schooling1 free ebook download as pdf file. Linguistic features of the language of schooling request pdf. Developing academic, or schoolbased, literacy poses a significant challenge for. Print the powerpoint handouts that accompanied this presentation recommended readings. Cultivating academic language proficiency in developmental reading classrooms by heather n. Kop language of schooling av mary j schleppegrell pa. Language use in school l1, l2, foreign languages school regulations, rules. This work illustrates how a meaningful metalanguage can support l2 learners in accomplishing challenging tasks in the primary school curriculum at the same time that it promotes the kind of focused consciousnessraising and explicit talk about language.
Students develop language proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing interdependently, but at different rates and in different ways. A functional linguistics perspective builds on current sociolinguistic and discourseanalytic studies of language in school, but adds a new dimensionthe framework of functional linguistic analysis. The role of metalanguage in supporting academic language. Functional linguistics provides a language for talking about language in a meaningbased way, giving teachers a metalanguage, a language about language, that connects with the meanings they want to engage students with. A languagebased approach to content instruction laci for. Key principles for ell i january 20 understanding language. Schleppegrell is associate professor of linguistics and chair of the linguistics graduate group at the university of california, davis.
An analysis of three curriculum approaches to teaching english in publicsector schools volume 50 issue 4 kathleen graves, sue garton skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Furthermore, in the twentyfirst century, students must be able. Ells within a single classroom can be heterogeneous in terms of home language s proficiency, proficiency in english, literacy levels in english and students home language s, previous experiences in schools, and time in the u. This article focuses on their findings about academic language and ells. Please contact a member of library staff for further information. Though there are other books that have addressed the topic of language of schooling, this book, in a special way, has approached the topic from a functional linguistic perspective, a perspective much needed in the practical aspect of the topic under discussion. Schleppegrell is associate professor of linguistics.
A functional grammatical analysis reveals the challenges that the language of schooling schleppegrell, 2001 presents to students unfamiliar with this variety, including nonnative speakers of english, speakers of nonstandard dialects, and other students with lit tle exposure to academic contexts outside of school. Reading in secondary content areas the university of. A functional linguistics perspective volume 36 issue 5 norbert francis. Learning a language is a means to learn about the world, about the social relations we participate in, and about the patterns in which this information is routinely organized. Chapter 2 curriculum frameworks ca dept of education. Supporting mathematics discourse with sentence starters. Alternatively, you can download the file locally and open with any standalone pdf reader.
1090 1535 54 1444 564 1476 1173 730 1372 522 361 804 620 1584 547 258 1399 439 552 1193 383 1287 878 62 395 1461 1422 623 1466 2 1154 1578 1252 567 524 1540 1198 960 427 887 1361 728 186 306 570